Death in Literature - 803 Words

Death In Literature Death is a natural part of life, its the saddest part of life; no doubt about it. In literature, death is often the theme expressed in tragedies, this theme may not necessarily be a lesson, but may appear to be more of a story being told. With death the theme the tone can still vary. This is because the tone is just an expression given by the writer, when the expression changes the tone changes as well. There are three ways to view death, the death of a friend, the death of ourselves, and the afterlife. There are many poems that have to do with death, however it doesnt have to a poem, songs are great uses of literature as well. The poem Stop all the clocks, cut off the telephone by W.H. Auden, Im afraid of death by Kathleen Ossip, and the song â€Å"Were in Heaven† by Bryan Adams are all great examples of death in literature. Each shows a different view of death. Stop all the clocks, cut off the telephone is a poem written by W.H. Auden in a theme about death, expressed in a tragical way. The poem takes place after someone the poet knows has died. The tone of the poem is sad as it conveys a mournful message towards the person who died. The tone however expresses to be calm but not relaxed at all, but its attitude is confident and solid. Its tittle â€Å"stop all the clocks, cut off the telephone† is meant to mean we must take time to mourn those who had died in a moment of silence. As the clocks may make noise with the ringing but they also are a symbolShow MoreRelatedDeath in American Literature2425 Words   |  10 Pagesthat doubts and questions its own reflections. They employ death as the focal point of self-consciousness, the unknowable center around which our thoughts inevitably swirl (whether we are aware of it or not).   Compare Dickinson’s poem #315 and Poe’s â€Å"Ligeia† on the topic. Philosophy of the death The theme of death has always been a presence in American writings – from early colonial diaries and through the nineteen century – because death was perceived to be ever present in people’s lives. DescendedRead MoreLiterature Review on Death Penalty1028 Words   |  5 PagesDo You Agree With The Death Penalty? Abstract The main focus on this literature review paper is going to be over â€Å"Do you agree with the death penalty?†. I gathered information by asking a series of questions of other individuals. Some of the questions I asked was, â€Å"Do you think the death penalty is a deterrent from a crime?†, and â€Å"How should the death penalty be administered?† My goal is to find out how many people agree or disagree with the death penalty, and why. This will be a goodRead MoreThe Theme of Death is Crucial in Literature733 Words   |  3 PagesThe theme death has always played a crucial role in literature. Death surrounds us and our everyday life, something that we must adapt and accept. Whether its on television or newpaper, youll probobly hear about the death of an individual or even a group. Most people have their own ideas and attitude towards it, but many consider this to be a tragic event due to many reasons. For those who suffered greatly from despair, living their life miserably and hopelessly, it could actually be a relief toRead MoreEssay on Life and Death in Literature868 Words   |  4 PagesDeath is part of life, it is only natural that authors, and poetics writes about death. The word death brings different feelings to minds. Most are scare of the thought. Some embraces death, the thought of meeting our maker. The feeling to not exists, while the rest of the world goes on with their lives is overwhelming. To write about death, they have to write about life. Life and death is usually the plot in short stories, plays, and poems. â€Å"A Rose for Emily† by William Faulkner; â€Å"The Story ofRead MoreDeath Of Children s Literature2075 Words   |  9 Pages Death in Children’s Literature Intro Children’s Literature (30822) IIP Project Jaime Ramsey The Ohio State University Sarah Bradford Fletcher Today, we live in a society that sometimes pushes the envelope, in regards to topics that may seem controversial, and evoke uncomfortable emotions in our school classrooms, and also the parents of the children reading these books. It is important to establish the profound impact children’s literature has not only children, but alsoRead More Death and the African American Literature2497 Words   |  10 Pagesforms of literature that we encountered in this course, it is unmistakable that the African American literary tradition demonstrates that the past (the unbelievable sufferings of African Americans) can never be arrested and forgotten. The many that have perished at the feet of racism are the history of African Americans themselves, and the African American literary tradition makes it a priority to be true to that history. So why is death a theme in the African American literary tradition? Death, inRead MoreLife And Death That Polish Literature1986 Words   |  8 Pages a period of change. Poland was expanding as a country and many political events were occurring. During this span of time, Polish literature signifies various changes in its themes, beliefs and language all constituted with a purpose. The theme of life and death overpowers Polish literature written during these two eras. Two pieces that demonstrate an experience of death and how the author’s worldview comes through the text are Jan Kochanowski’s Laments and an unknown author’s Lament of Our Lady atRead MoreSudden Cardiac Death Information Literature1471 Words   |  6 PagesGhanshyam Patel, EMPL ID: 23591518 CHSS Research Paper Instructor: Dr. Christian Grov SUDDEN CARDIAC DEATH Author: Ghanshyam Patel MBBS, MPH EMPL Id: 23591518, Ghanshyam.patel18@sphmail.cuny.edu FROM, CUNY Graduate School of Public Health and Health Policy, 55 West 125th Street, New York, NY 10027, USA Abstract: Sudden cardiac death (SCD) is major public health problem. SCD continues to be one of the leading causes of mortality worldwide, with an annual incidence estimated at 250000 toRead MoreEssay about Life and Death in Literature1516 Words   |  7 PagesThe word death brings different feelings to minds. Most are scared of the thought. Some embrace death, the thought of meeting our maker. The feeling to not exist, while the rest of the world goes on with their lives is overwhelming. To write about death, they have to write about life. Life and death is reality. There are various short stories, poems, and plays that attribute life and death. â€Å"A Rose for Emily† by William Faulkner, â€Å"The Story of an Hour† by Kate Chopin, and â€Å"Hamlet, Prince of Denmark†Read MoreHumanity, Monstrosity, Gothic Literature Death Essay1807 Words   |  8 PagesHumanity, Monstrosity, Gothic Literature Death by J. Williams The Gothic genre delves into the depths of humanity,  where the presence of the horrible and the macabre represent ‘the dark side’ of human nature.  Ã‚  Indeed, according to M. H. Abrams, Gothic novelists invited â€Å"fiction to the realm of the irrational and of the perverse impulses and nightmarish terrors that lie beneath the orderly surface of the civilized mind† (111).   In such works, unnatural desires and forbidden excesses that are

Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart The Age Of Enlightenment

Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart Wolfgang’s life was profoundly impacted by the history of his time, it allowed him to compose, play and direct music and eventually live freely, ultimately setting the stage for him to create some of the best music pieces to date. Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart lived during a period of great change in philosophy, art, religion and music. This change was brought about by the transition from the baroque period where the Catholic Church encouraged the arts to depict religious themes and the aristocracy ruled over the artists. The populace had very little power or recognition. The beginning of eighteenth century brought about the Pre-classical era and a need for freedom from the restrictions of the nobility. The age of Enlightenment came into force questioning the Catholic Church’s doctrine and the authorities. It was the age of reason where secular thought predominated over religious belief. French philosophes and the Enlightenment dominated the cultural life of Europe. (Damerow par 1) This Pre-classical era was influenced by the Rococo style that was characterized by delicate colors, intimate mood, homophonic and melodic music. The Rococo era influenced all painting, sculpture, architecture and music. â€Å"It was an age of powdered wigs delicate lace cuffs and perfumed handkerchiefs†. (Vernon 4) By the middle of the eighteenth century the influence of Rome and Greece led to the Classical Period. This period reflects the changes in society. MusiciansShow MoreRelated Mozart Essay examples2056 Words   |  9 Pagesreligious music also appeared during this time†(Ferris, 231). One of the best composer of this time was Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart. In this paper I will go through his childhood, his friends and family, and of course his music. Enjoy!!! Child of the Enlightenment The world that Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart entered ceremoniously in 1756 was brimming in change. Historians refer to this era as the Age of Enlightenment, one of unparalleled scientific, philosophical, and political ferment. Within Mozart’s lifetime itRead MoreWolfgang Amadeus Mozart s Overture945 Words   |  4 PagesWolfgang Amadeus Mozart’s overture to The Marriage of Figaro brings together all the components and styles of the classical period. With it being an overture, it sets the mood a nd allows people to get ready for the opera they are about to watch. Mozart was one of the greatest composers to ever resonate from the classical period and his music is still studied and played worldwide today. Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart was born in 1756 in Salzburg. (Kem) Recognized for his works at an extremely young ageRead MoreThe Age Of The Enlightenment1646 Words   |  7 PagesThe Age of the Enlightenment during the beginning of the 18th century was a revolution that vanquished the suffocating darkness of superstition that shrouded the Middle Ages. Revolutionary thinkers of the Enlightenment, such as Denis Diderot, Renà © Descartes, John Locke, and Jean-Jacques Rousseau, led western civilization out of the darkness of ignorance with a small flame generated by the power of scientific and intellectual reason. For a while, it seemed as though the reason and rationality of EnlightenmentRead MoreDon Giovanni Analysis886 Words   |  4 PagesDang Professor Heywood MUSC 131 29 October 2017 W.A. Mozart - Don Giovanni Mozart’s Don Giovanni is an operatic masterpiece that is full of classical and legendary tension that still exists today. The music conveys and describes important principles of human personality and character (Ford 9). Don Giovanni is one of the best pieces by Mozart, and it is still a masterpiece in the lyric theater. It was composed in 1787 by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart. Don Giovanni was produced during the classical period;Read MoreAnalysis Of The Big Lebowski 892 Words   |  4 PagesThroughout history and to present day, the work of Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart has been an inspiration and a revelation to mankind. Specifically his piece, Requiem (1791), is incorporated into numerous movies and television shows. In a scene from the famous movie, The Big Lebowski (1998), an excerpt of that piece is playing intentionally in the background. The use of this composition in this specific scene portrays the intended dramatic emotional affect that the viewer should encounter. At the beginningRead MoreWolfgang Amadeus Mozart : A Prominent Musical Genius2155 Words   |  9 PagesWolfgang Amadeus Mozart: A Prominent Musical Genius Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart was an Austrian composer of the classical period. He was born in 1756. In 1782, he married Constanze Weber and had six children—four of which passed away when they were infants (Grout, 540). One of their two other sons that lived followed his legacy of becoming a composer (Grout, 540). Mozart’s father was both a composer and a violinist, who began training him and his sister Nannerl musically at a very young age and tookRead MoreAmadeus : An Enlightening Approach Essay2767 Words   |  12 PagesJaved Hira Professor Prasanta Chakraborty English M.A (final) 4th Sem. April 13, 2014 Amadeus: An Enlightening Approach Abstract: Forman’s tormented, iconoclastic subjects are often pitted against iconic or impersonal antagonists, but Amadeus conflict remains rivetingly intimate, inspite of its sumptuous, larger –than life settings Tasha Robinson, AV club.(line 1) The â€Å"Man†, The â€Å"Muse†, The†Madness†,†The†Murder† (?), The â€Å"Motion Picture†---.So goes the tagline.... but we can add some more....theRead MoreThe Classical Period Of Music864 Words   |  4 Pagesto name a few. All of these things had a great influence in the way the music made the transition from the Baroque period to the Classical period. Some of the great composers during this time were Franz Josef Haydn, Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, and Ludwig van Beethoven. Haydn and Mozart were both Austrian, while Beethoven was German. They all contributed different things that allowed for the Classical period to develop the way it did. Haydn was the pioneer in chamber music. Mainly in the piano trio,Read More enlightenment revolution Essay709 Words   |  3 Pagesnbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Reasoning Revolution nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp; nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;The age of enlightenment took place in the 18th century and was thought by many of the period to be long overdue. Spurred by writers wishing to â€Å"awaken† the public from their stupor, it was an age of change. Enlightenment writers tackled subjects from inconsistencies in religion to the oppression of women in society. Utilized during the time were many aspects ofRead More The Lasting Musical Impact of Ludwig Van Beethoven and Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart2527 Words   |  11 Pages Many people compare the musical works of Ludwig Van Beethoven and Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart because of the styles of music that they produced. They were also similar because of their age and the music period in which they created in. Throughout their lives these two composers had vastly different customs and behaviors. Each composer contributed to their own unique styles of music, however they continue to be a musical inspiration in today’s world. Many people of the early classical music period

Individual Performance Related Pay-Free-Samples-Myassignmenthelp

Question: Critically evaluate the extent to which individual performance related pay can stimulate higher levels of performance from Employees. Answer: Drawing on published research that individual performance related pay can stimulate higher levels of performance from employees As per Van De Voorde, Paauwe, Van Veldhoven (2012), Individual performance related pay is the term which explains that an employee gets the rewards and payment as per their efficiency and as per their skills and talent. Sometimes this tool is also used as a motivational tool as rewards and recognition programs are started to enhance the efficiency of the labors and employees of the organization (Torrington, et. al., 2013). This measure was accepted after the period of recession in the USA when various private companies were performing retrenchment methods (Reeve, 2014). Under these methods, a number of employees were terminated without giving any reason. Individual performance related to pay refers various employees linked benefits through which they could secure the job for employees and company will provide a decent notice period if they retrench the employees (Long Shields, 2010). Apart from this, every organization has various key employees which play the crucial role on behalf of an organization and they act as an important factor for organizations success (Reeve, 2010). In this condition, the organization always tries to retain these kinds of employees and for retaining purpose, important factors of employees such as employees salary, and bonus, incentives, etc. needs to be analyzed. As per Torrington, et. al., (2013), apart from basic needs, retaining key employees requires extra efforts such as offering them luxurious things such as the car, well-conditioned house, etc.(Tooksoon, 2011). These benefits are being offered to employees because of their talent and skills which are helping the organization to earn a satisfactory rate of return in the dynamic business environment (Hasnain Pierskalla Henryk, 2012). Reward programs and incentives are provided to employees for their extra efforts (Tooksoon, 2011), and these are paid to employees apart from their fixed salary (Bryson, et. al., 2012). As per the human behavior, getting extra from what promised or decided is a motivational factor and helps the employees to work even better for attaining extra benefits. Hence, organization launches incentives, bonus and other attractive offers for employees to enhance their performance which could bring them a good amount of benefits in financial terms or in kind forms (Whitman, Van Rooy Viswesvaran, 2010). Motivational techniques used by the organization help employees to fulfill their needs and in return employees starts working with the adequate amount of dedication which helps the organization to attain the organizational objectives (Tooksoon, 2011). Individual performance related pay does the same or it does even more (Whitman, Van Rooy Viswesvaran, 2010). The more organization gets the outcom e from employees' efforts, the more incentives will be credited to his account Merit pay technique is followed by almost all organizations to enhance their worker's efficiency and to reward them for their extra efforts put to achieve organizational goals. As per recent surveys conducted in various industries, merit pay technique is effective enough to enhance the individual's performance at any level, apart from its being expensive, this technique is result oriented. Outcome orientation is the main reason for performing this technique, multinational companies and in the corporate sector; this technique is followed at huge scale (Fang Gerhart, 2012). As per Prowse Prowse, (2010) there are the lot of methods involved under individual performance pay, such as appraisal assessment programs which are generally performed every year under which a certain rate of a hike is provided to the employee in terms of salary for gaining experience as well as for growth of the employees (Prowse Prowse, 2010). Smart employees start providing results to the organization from very starting and this shows their dedication towards work (Snape Redman, 2010). And if an organization would not treat them accordingly then it will be an act of demotivating employees (Paarlberg Lavigna, 2010) and if the same act is conducted in a positive manner, employees get motivated and their dedication towards work also raises accordingly (Prowse Prowse, 2010). Piecework or commission is implemented in the organization in terms of increasing the quality in the organization according to (Prowse Prowse, 2010). This policy is adopted by the HR department and this policy is directly linked to the output provided by the employees in terms of quantity (Gong, Li Shin, 2011). This method of reward program is adopted in the sales and marketing teams under which employees are given with a certain target and on the accomplishment of that target and on extra work performed, the adequate amount of commission is credited to employees' account (Eijkenaar, 2013). Under these departments, salary amount is fixed and the rest benefits are the more you sell, the more you get. As per this conditions, employees work as per their requirements and to build the effective image in the organization. Money is the power source of motivating human being and this is the reason for every organization for adaptation of incentives, rewards, bonus, commissions, etc. in the form of money. As per Mason Watts (2010), money attracts the employees to work harder and they start working extra which increases the productivity of the organization. Individual performance related pay is the source through which organization is able to accomplish its targets and objectives as well it also helps the organization to retain its key employees (Homburg, Klarmann Schmitt, 2010). Other employees of the organization should also be trained so that they could also turn the things in a positive manner for the organization (Van De Voorde, et. al., 2012). Role of IPRP in terms of motivating employees As per Gillam, Siriwardena Steel, (2012) another crucial factor of motivation is providing the bonus and it is a form of IPRP which is provided to employees as per their performances and on the important festivals. In abroad countries like UK, USA, etc., Christmas is treated as their biggest festival; hence people working over there get the attractive bonus in that period from their companies (Herzberg, Mausner Snyderman, 2011). Payment of bonus is not compulsory in terms of organizations and merit pay and bonus both differ from each other (Damiani, Pompei Ricci, 2016). The bonus is the additional payment made by the organization to employees apart from their basic pay. This method is mostly used in the financial institutions such as in banks, as people over there are awarded bonuses time to time in relevance to meeting the targets and it is included in the cost-effective tool. This is because rate and occurrence of bonus are not fixed; it is given on the basis of extra ordinary p erformance showed by an employee (Herzberg, Mausner Snyderman, 2011). The amount of bonus and a number of incentives and other schemes differs from each other because bonuses are given often and this is the reason of their huge amount and incentives are provided on regular basis on the performance of employees (Whitman, et. al., 2010). (CIPC, 2015) IPRP system was invented with a view to enhancing the productivity of the organization as well as to provide adequate benefits to employees that will result in achieving targets for an organization and in motivating employees in return for benefits provided to them (Hasnain Pierskalla Henryk, 2012). But rather than this, these are considered as creating conflicts amongst the organization, between employees such as supervisor level will get incentives as per his performance and pay scale, whereas it may differ for manager level or experienced employee (Buller McEvoy, 2012). Hence, this could be the reason for creating conflicts amongst the employees which could harm the performance of an organization. As per great motivator, Maslow states that organizations productivity is based on the lower level employees i.e. workers. They should be treated well and their psychological needs should be fulfilled on priority basis so that production capacity of the organization does no t get harmed. Apart from Maslow, Hertzberg is another great motivator which states that in the period of recession, when unemployment, job insecurity, etc. happens. At that time, an organization should appoint people who could help the organization to overcome from the term recession whereas appointment of employees at recession times brings motivation in them and they work with adequate dedication towards the organization (Drnyei Ushioda, 2013). As per the above discussion, it is cleared that motivational techniques are necessary for enhancing the performance of employees that will lead to increase in the performance of the organization as well. Apart from an adaptation of motivational theories, an organization could also take the help of IPRP (individual performance related pay) systems and appoint an effective motivator. IPRP systems help the employees to get benefits on the basis of their performance, quality of work delivered, etc. whereas motivator guides the employees to work in the manner which could make the way for being the success in the future. The main component of being the success in coming future is honesty and integrity towards the work and use and importance of these components could be explained by a motivator in a professional way so that employees could get influenced to perform with these qualities and with an aim to achieve adequate objectives for the organization. Motivational techniques also help the employees to reduce their stress level and show them an easy way to perform the work (Zhang Bartol, 2010). According to Mason Watts, (2010) HR team is responsible for rewarding employees for their performances and individual performance related pay (IPRP) includes two types of reward programs. One is when employees achieve the targets set by the organization through meeting all the standards of the organization whereas other one performed as per employee traits exhibited. IPRP programs should be conducted through reviewing the position of the organization as well; it does not need that in every situation, employee's gets benefits. This is because, if after every success, the organization starts rewarding its employee's then the organization would not be able to meet its own needs and this will reduce the efficiency of the employees as well (Mason Watts, 2010). The organization needs to make an effective balance structure between reward programs and deductions. This is necessary because, if an organization would be failing in making deductions in terms of unethical work performed by empl oyees, an organization needs to bear losses in such conditions. All the rewards programs adopted by the company should be in considerations to its corporate objectives as well as the adequate benefit should also be gained by the organization in terms of rewards given to the employees. Analysis of organization's performance with IPRP program will be critically discussed under this assignment (Snape Redman, 2010). Merit pay is the part of individual performance relates pay as rewards and appraisals are included under this term (Daley, 2012). This measure is used by reviewing employees past performances. The main focus of this technique is the appraisal by reviewing the performance of the employees after a certain period of time. The organization has various kinds of benefits by applying for merit pay reward program in their workplace because it helps them to retain the employees for a long time and these programs also help the employees to enhance their performance to increase their productivity consistently. Merit pay applicability in the organization is dependent on the organizations concern i.e. organization is concerned about the quality of the product or with the quantity. Hence as per these measures, incentive programs are implied in the workplace to motivate the employees for enhancing their performance. The organization should maintain the balance between the rewards and the employees' efforts and slab rate for reward programs should be mentioned as per the organizational department. This is necessary because supervisor level rewards and a manager position levels rate of incentives and reward will differ from each other (Paarlberg Lavigna, 2010). IPRP acts as the motivator is a statement that proves that individual performance related pay should be offered to the employees in such a manner so that they could work without any personal benefits (Walumbwa Hartnell , 2011). Monetary benefits could generate greed in employees and then they could start working for themselves rather working for an organization. To reduce the impact of this, the certain rate has been fixed by a management of the organization for reward programs so that after achieving at the certain level, employees could get extra benefits. As competition is increasing day by day and to compete in the competitive environment of business, an implication of IPRP methods is very obvious and result oriented. Thus, individual performance related pay system describes that the more you put efforts, the more you will get benefits in financial terms. Increasing rate of incentives, commissions, and merit pay scheme increase the cost of the organization but it also leads to i ncrease in the productivity of the organization, hence performance linked incentives, quality linked incentives, and quantity linked incentives are common in various companies (Herzberg, et. al., 2011). Contextual issues Contextual issues such as employment, the standard of income, etc. gets affected in terms of individual performance related pay. Reviewing the IPRP techniques, it is found that employees performance is increased by providing them adequate benefits in the form of monetary terms. Organization appoints employees to complete the tasks effectively and efficiently and to enhance their work performance, the organization offers them incentives and other attractive offers. IPRP techniques affect certain issues like occupation, employment, and standard of income. For instance, an organization is appointing experienced and talented employees to perform certain activities in relation to get incentives and bonus in consideration towards the IPRP techniques. These are some techniques which are being followed by mostly all organizations at the international level. In these conditions, if any organization does not practice these techniques, an adequate orientation of results I quite difficult for th at organization. These techniques also put a great impact on the standard of income for an employee because employees have the opportunity to increase their earning by giving adequate outputs to the organization. As per individual performance related pay which also states that this system leads to motivate the employees helps the organization to make a decision for appraisals accordingly. It is obvious that employees working under the same slab will be given same rate of appraisal to reduce the chances of conflicts. Employees working for incentives i.e. person who worked every month more than the set targets get the incentives for his extra work done but still, he should be given more appraisal than ordinary employees as he is the reason for organizations improving performance. It is also found sometimes that a task was assigned to marketing team under which 10 employees were playing a part of that particular team (Council, 2012). The whole team accomplishes the target efficiently infect they obtaine d certain more from desired objectives. As per the team's performance, organization is liable to pay incentives to all the team members along with the team leader and in the team there were 2 members who were not sincere in relevance to their duties hence, other members performed their duties and due to their hard work, whole team manage to achieve the targets as well as next level of targets were also achieved. In this scenario, an organization should make some analysis so that the person who performed adequately should be treated with extra ordinary benefits whereas those 2 team members should be penalized. This will state the lesson for other employees too so in future; this practice could not be repeated again (Reeve, 2014). Conclusion As per the above discussion, for acquiring adequate results from the employees, their basic as well as advanced needs should be fulfilled. And those fulfilments must be in the form of monetary terms or in the kind forms but that kind should be relevant to them. Apart from them, IPRPs motivational factors were also discussed under this essay. Authors Opinion The above discussion determines the importance of IPRP techniques and these are some of the valuable techniques which are useful for every type of organization. Apart from this, author has described the importance of motivational techniques in the organization. If any organization wants to achieve adequate objectives, then organization needs to adopt certain motivational and IPRP techniques so that employees could work efficiently. References Bryson, A., Freeman, R., Lucifora, C., Pellizzari, M. Perotin, V., 2012,Centre for Economic Performance, LSE, Paying for performance: incentive pay schemes and employees' financial participation(No. dp1112). Buller, P.F. McEvoy, G.M., 2012, Strategy, human resource management and performance: Sharpening line of sight,Human resource management review,vol. 22 (1), pp.43-56. Council, F.R., 2012, The UK corporate governance code,London. Daley, D.M., 2012, Strategic human resources management,Public Personnel Management, pp.120-125. Damiani, M., Pompei, F. Ricci, A., 2016, Performance related pay, productivity and wages in Italy: a quantile regression approach,International Journal of Manpower,vol. 37 (2), pp.344-371. Drnyei, Z. Ushioda, E., 2013,Routledge, Teaching and researching: Motivation. Eijkenaar, F., 2013, Key issues in the design of pay for performance programs,The European Journal of Health Economics,vol. 14 (1), pp.117-131. Fang, M. Gerhart, B., 2012, Does pay for performance diminish intrinsic interest?,The International Journal of Human Resource Management,vol. 23 (6), pp.1176-1196. Gillam, S.J., Siriwardena, A.N. Steel, N., 2012, Pay-for-performance in the United Kingdom: impact of the quality and outcomes frameworka systematic review,The Annals of Family Medicine,vol. 10 (5), pp.461-468. Gong, G., Li, L.Y. Shin, J.Y., 2011, Relative performance evaluation and related peer groups in executive compensation contracts,The Accounting Review,vol. 86 (3), pp.1007-1043. Hasnain, Z. Pierskalla Henryk, N., 2012, Performance-related pay in the public sector: a review of theory and evidence. Herzberg, F., Mausner, B. Snyderman, B.B., 2011,Transaction publishers, The motivation to work(Vol. 1). Homburg, C., Klarmann, M. Schmitt, J., 2010, Brand awareness in business markets: When is it related to firm performance?,International Journal of Research in Marketing,vol. 27 (3), pp.201-212. Long, R.J. Shields, J.L., 2010, From pay to praise? Non-cash employee recognition in Canadian and Australian firms,The International Journal of Human Resource Management,vol. 21 (8), pp.1145-1172. Mason, W. Watts, D.J., 2010, Financial incentives and the performance of crowds,ACM SigKDD Explorations Newsletter,vol. 11 (2), pp.100-108. Paarlberg, L.E. Lavigna, B., 2010, Transformational leadership and public service motivation: Driving individual and organizational performance,Public administration review,vol. 70 (5), pp.710-718. Prowse, P. Prowse, J., 2010, The dilemma of performance appraisal, InBusiness Performance Measurement and Management(pp. 195-206). Springer Berlin Heidelberg. Reeve, J., 2014,John Wiley Sons, Understanding motivation and emotion. Snape, E. Redman, T., 2010, HRM practices, organizational citizenship behaviour, and performance: A multi?level analysis,Journal of Management Studies,vol. 47 (7), pp.1219-1247. Tooksoon, H.M.P., 2011, Conceptual framework on the relationship between human resource management practices, job satisfaction, and turnover,Journal of Economics and Behavioral Studies,vol. 2 (2), pp.41-49. Torrington, D., Hall, L., Taylor, S. Atkinson, C., 2013, Human Resource Management, The Ultimate Bookshelf, vol. 9. Van De Voorde, K., Paauwe, J. Van Veldhoven, M., 2012, Employee well?being and the HRMorganizational performance relationship: a review of quantitative studies,International Journal of Management Reviews,vol. 14 (4), pp.391-407. Walumbwa, F.O. Hartnell, C.A., 2011, Understanding transformational leadershipemployee performance links: The role of relational identification and self?efficacy,Journal oal and Organizational Psychology,vol. 84 (1), pp.153-172. Whitman, D.S., Van Rooy, D.L. 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The American Dream - Of Mice and Men free essay sample

The American Dream is a large theme on which the novella Of Mice and Men is based on. Each character strives to achieve their own dream, and some without realising. Dreams are very important in the novella, because without them nobody has anything to work towards and to motivate them in life. Lennies dream is probably brought up most throughout the novella, out of all the dreams. Lennies dream is to get the fatta the lan with a small place and rabbits. Lennie spends his whole life imagining the better life he could have, because of Lennies bad memory its constantly brought up and we are reminded of it. Sadly Lennies dream is never achieved. People always assume that Georges dream is the same as Lennies, but nowhere in the novella does George actually mention they share the same dream. Whenever George is telling Lennie what theyll do he uses the pronoun we so its unclear whether George has the same dream as Lennie or if hes just saying it to keep Lennie satisfied. We will write a custom essay sample on The American Dream Of Mice and Men or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Crooks is a very isolated character in the novella. As he is black and the only coloured man in Soledad he is discriminated against. Although he was born in California, the other men on the ranch still call him a Niger and a Negro. He has to live in a separate room to the bunk house and is not allowed in there to socialise or play cards because the other men, they say I [he] stinks As Crooks has been isolated and treated so badly for so long he no longer accepts charity and turns away people who try to care and talk to him. He also no longer believes in wishes or dreams and tells Lennie Everbody wants a little piece of lan and nobody gets no land which proves his disbelief in the reality of dreams. Although Crooks lets himself slip at one point and admits he could imagine him pleasantly hoeing a patch of garden on Lennies farm one day. Curleys wife is the only character to have had her dream vaguely accessible at one point. However she missed the opportunity and we find out later in the novella she deeply regrets not trying harder for it. When she was younger she met a guy who was involved with Hollywood but she never received the letter she was promised from him and she believed her mother had stolen it. Instead she ended up leading a miserable life with an unsuccessful marriage. It is never clear whether Curley has a direct dream hes aiming for but by using our inference and deduction skills we can assume alot of things that could be Curleys American dream. In one instance, Curley is always very protective over his wife and doesnt like her straying too far away from him. The other men on the ranch joke saying He spends half his time lookin for her [Curleys wife] , and the rest of the time shes lookin for him [Curley]. This could be from a previous experiences, he couldve had a previous wife who left him for another man. We will never know why Curley is so protective but one point we do know is that part of his dream might be to have a loyal wife, who is faithful, and never chats to other men. Candy is also a very isolated person in the novella, along with many other characters. Candy is the oldest man on the ranch and the only close companion he really had was his dog, who he ended up letting Carlson shoot. When Lennie and Crooks are talking about the dream land with a little place, Candy latches himself onto Lennies dream to have a couple of acres of land and a dog an rabbits an chickens. Were [George, Lennie and Candy] gonna have green corn an maybe a cow or a goat Although almost every character has their own American dream not one of them achieve it, which proves Crooks point Its jus in their head. The American dream is not correct in this case because it says anything is attainable through hard work and all people can succeed through hard work, which isnt true because Lennie, George and many of the other ranch workers have worked their whole lives to try and make enough money to get their own little place, but no one does. This shows she impossibility of the American Dream in a world with not enough freedom and contentment but too much inequality and unfairness. By Maisie Tang U4S